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The cognitive counseling approach focuses on identifying and confronting irrational thoughts, which can lead to changes in behavior. This approach is premised on the idea that our thoughts significantly influence our feelings and actions. By challenging and reframing negative or distorted thinking patterns, individuals can effectively alter their behaviors and emotional responses.

Cognitive therapy techniques often involve examining and disputing these irrational beliefs, helping clients to develop healthier thinking strategies that promote positive change. This process empowers individuals to take control of their thought processes, leading to improved mental health and behavioral outcomes.

In contrast, other approaches like behavioral therapy focus primarily on changing behaviors through reinforcement and consequences without directly addressing the underlying thought processes that may contribute to those behaviors. Humanistic and existential approaches emphasize personal growth and the search for meaning, but they do not specifically confront irrational thoughts as a means of changing behavior in the way that cognitive therapy does.